The Town of Fairfield was incorporated in 1796 and is located in Herkimer County in Central New York State.  It is bounded on the west by the West Canada Creek.  Neighboring towns are Norway to the north, Salisbury and Manheim to the east, Herkimer and Little Falls to the south, and Herkimer and Newport to the west.

            Fairfield is described as hilly, with most creeks draining west into the West Canada Creek, one of the state's finest fishing streams.  Drainage toward the east reaches Spruce Creek in Salisbury.

            The incorporated Village of Middleville is partially in the Town of Fairfield, its western portion being on the Newport side of the West Canada Creek.  The hamlet of Fairfield is located in the center of the town and contains the Town Highway Department Garages and the Fairfield Community Hall and park.  The Community Hall and park occupy the former site of the Fairfield Academy and Medical School.

            Once a prolific producer of the famous Herkimer County Cheese, Fairfield's dairy industry has given way to a few farms, with most residents working in the Mohawk Valley towns.  The largest employer in the area is the West Canada Valley Central School located in Newport.  All of Fairfield's young people attend this school which has an outstanding reputation for excellent education of grades K-12.

            Several Fairfield landmarks are listed on the State and National Registers of Historic Places.  1807 Trinity Episcopal Church, the Route 29 Stone Arch Bridge, the Lalino Stone Arch Bridge, and the Old City Road Stone Arch Bridge have been designated historic places.

            Fairfield may be reached by several excellent roads including State Routes 28, 29, 169, and 170.  The business districts of Herkimer, Little Falls, and Utica are within easy reach.